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Assessing India’s Evolving Regulatory Framework on Dark Patterns
Dark patterns are increasingly embedded in everyday digital interactions, often steering consumers towards choices they may not otherwise make. India’s regulatory response has evolved from general consumer protection and e-commerce rules to the CCPA’s 2023 Dark Patterns Guidelines, the 2025 self-audit initiative, and the 2026 amendments introducing annual self-audits and compliance certificates. This piece…
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Measuring India’s Gig Worker Laws Against the ILO’s New Platform Work Convention
The ILO’s new Convention on decent work in the platform economy sets a global benchmark for gig-worker protections. This piece examines how India’s emerging legal framework measures up, identifying gaps in minimum wages, social security, algorithmic transparency, and collective rights. It argues for a coherent, rights-based approach to platform work beyond fragmented welfare measures. The…
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When Old Photographs Become Fake News: The Legal Questions in BAI v. Union of India
What happens when fabricated news is amplified through digital platforms? Examining a recent Delhi High Court matter, this piece explores India’s legal response to misinformation, the role of intermediaries, and the need to move beyond takedowns towards more effective institutional accountability. IN A RECENTLY CONCLUDED MATTER, the Badminton Association of India (“BAI”) moved the…
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Reading the Indian Data Protection Law Against the Architecture Puttaswamy Built Nine Years Ago
Nine years ago, Puttaswamy recognised privacy as a fundamental right. The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023, was the Indian Parliament’s chance to build the architecture that judgment contemplated. However, the Act falls short when tested against the judgment’s own three-fold test, its institutional expectations, and its dignitarian foundation. NINE YEARS AGO, a Constitutional…
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What About ME? Making a Case For Individual Compensation Under INDIA’S Digital Privacy Framework
[Kriti Kabra is a fifth-year student at Gujarat National Law University. In this piece, the author interrogates the lack of compensation provisions under the new Digital Data Protection framework and how the omission has altered the role of the victim from a claimant to a mere complainant. The piece argues that the absence of a…
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The Taxed Stake: How PROGA 2025 Creates a Paradox for In-Game NFTs and Play-to-Earn Tokens
[Alok Singh and Satvik Kapoor are third-year law students at Dr Ram Manohar Lohiya National Law University, Lucknow. In this piece, the authors interrogate the statutory tension between the newly enacted Online Gaming Act, 2025, which criminalises in-game NFTs and play-to-earn tokens as “other stakes”, and the Income Tax Act, 2025, which simultaneously taxes these…
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GCC’s Next Frontier: Governing AI, Data and Innovation through a National Framework
[Madhvendra Jha and Trayambak Pathak are third-year law students at Dr Ram Manohar Lohiya National Law University, Lucknow. In this piece, the authors interrogate whether India’s fragmented regulatory architecture can effectively govern GCCs as they evolve from back-office service centres into AI-driven innovation hubs. The piece argues that India needs a unified National GCC Framework…
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From Error to Misconduct: Locating Liability in AI-Assisted Advocacy
[Sara Singh is a third-year student at Dr Ram Manohar Lohiya National Law University, Lucknow. In this piece, the author examines the legal and professional implications of using AI in court submissions, analysing recent Supreme Court precedents and the judiciary’s shift from treating unverified AI hallucinations as mere negligence to treating them as professional misconduct.…
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How Mirrors Are Causing a Personality Crisis In The Age of AI DEEPFAKES
[Aviral Singhai is a fifth-year B.A. LL.B. (Hons.) student at the National Law Institute University, Bhopal. In this piece, the author interrogates the technological architecture behind AI-generated deepfakes and mirror websites and the challenges they pose for India’s legal framework. The piece argues that while existing laws provide some remedies against unlawful online content, they…
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Digitally Existent, but Legally Absent? Examining the Digital Afterlife Industry under India’s Constitutional and Data Protection Framework
[Mohammed Ibrahim Faisal is a fourth-year law student at PES University. In this piece, the author examines the growing digital afterlife industry, where thanabots simulate the deceased using their lifetime personal data, and analyses whether India’s constitutional and data protection framework can accommodate postmortem privacy in this context. The piece argues that the extinguishment…