[Ritwik Sharma is a fourth-year B.A., LL.B. (Hons.) student at the Rajiv Gandhi National University of Law (RGNUL), Punjab. In this analysis, the author aims to address the escalating crisis of Non-Consensual Intimate Imagery (NCII) generated through AI-driven “nudifying” platforms. Supported by empirical data and visual mapping, the piece argues that current judicial responses, which…
Data as an Essential Facility: Competition and Privacy in India’s Digital Markets
[Nandinii Tandon and Mehul Sharma are fourth-year B.A. LL.B. (Hons.) students specializing in Business Law at the Rajiv Gandhi National University of Law (RGNUL), Punjab. In this article, the authors examine the conceptual friction between data monopolization and consumer privacy in India’s rapidly evolving digital economy. By leveraging a sophisticated comparative analysis of foreign jurisprudence,…
The Thermodynamics of Data Privacy: A Critical Analysis of the Environmental Cost of Data Erasure in the Era of AI
[Sreaans Shukla is a second-semester B.A. LL.B. (Hons.) student at the West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences (WBNUJS), Kolkata. In this piece, the author explores the overlooked physical consequences of digital rights, specifically the “Right to be Forgotten” under the DPDP framework. By drawing provocative parallels between information theory and the laws of thermodynamics,…
The Incomplete Promise of Self- Sovereign Identity
[Katyayani Shukla is a PhD Scholar at South Asian University. In this piece the author examines India’s Digiyatra app and argues that its self-sovereign identity framework provides only “pseudo-self-empowerment” to users due to inadequate mechanisms for accountability, explanation, and transparency in how their data is transferred and processed. The author argues that while SSI principles…
The Pragmatic Turn In Pseudonymization: What EDPS V SRB Means For Indian Data Controllers
[Varad Tiwari is a second-year student at Hidayatullah National Law University, Raipur. In this piece, the author examines the evolving legal landscape of data de-identification following the EDPS v. SRB judgment. Specifically, the piece argues for a “pragmatic” approach to pseudonymization, suggesting that the status of data as “personal” should depend on the specific perspective…
Digital Sovereignty or Digital Surveillance? Examining Sanchar Saathi Under India’s DPDP Act
[Akshat Pal and Samya Rahul are second-year B.A. LL.B. (Hons.) students at National Law University, Jodhpur. This article examines the Sanchar Saathi app’s mandatory pre-installation directive and argues that its technical design, when combined with broad state exemptions under India’s Digital Personal Data Protection Act, enables mass surveillance that undermines constitutional privacy protections established in Puttaswamy. The author contends that…
Web 2.0 Solutions for Web 3.0 Problems: Intermediary Liability and the Deepfake Crisis in India
[Divisha Dalal & Rajdeep Dutta are postgraduate students at the University of Bristol. This article argues that India’s intermediary liability framework under Section 79 of the IT Act and the Draft Amendments to the IT Rules represent outdated Web 2.0 solutions inadequate for addressing Web 3.0 deepfake threats, as they rely on reactive “actual knowledge” standards…
Algorithmic Manipulation Of Political Information: Assuring Accountability Through Listener Centric Approach
[Nandini Sharma is a fourth-year student at Rajiv Gandhi National University of Law, Punjab. This article argues that India’s legal framework fails to hold political actors accountable for deliberately manipulating algorithms to spread disinformation, instead placing disproportionate liability on platforms. The author proposes a listener-centric approach to freedom of expression that recognizes citizens’ rights to…
Securing Digital Evidence In India: A Case For Integrating Blockchain-Based Smart Contracts
[Sarah Unhelkar is a B.A. LL.B. (Hons.) student at NLU Jodhpur. She is interested in Tech Law and Gender Studies. In this piece she argues that blockchain-based smart contracts are time and cost-efficient than the statutorily (BSA and IT Act) mandated Certificates, to verify the Chain of Custody. This is especially because smart contracts can…
India’s Soft Law Approach: Strategic Choice or Potential Oversight?
[Vrinda is a Third-Year Law student at the National Forensic Sciences University Gandhinagar. Thier areas of interest include Technology and Cyber Policy along with AI Governance.] INTRODUCTION The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) constituted a drafting committee in July 2025 to develop an AI governance framework for India. The framework is guided by two objectives: first, to…